We must never make experiments to confirm our ideas, but simply to control them.
CLAUDE BERNARDTrue science teaches us to doubt and, in ignorance, to refrain.
More Claude Bernard Quotes
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We must alter theory to adapt it to nature, but not nature to adapt it to theory.
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When we meet a fact which contradicts a prevailing theory, we must accept the fact and abandon the theory, even when the theory is supported by great names and generally accepted.
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We achieve more than we know. We know more than we understand. We understand more than we can explain.
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Those who have an excessive faith in their theories or in their ideas are not only poorly disposed to make discoveries, but they also make very poor observations.
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Put off your imagination, as you put off your overcoat, when you enter the laboratory. Put it on again, as you put on your overcoat, when you leave.
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Man can learn nothing unless he proceeds from the known to the unknown.
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The fact that knowledge endlessly recedes as the investigator is about to grasp it is what constitutes at the same time his torment and happiness.
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Everything is poisonous, nothing is poisonous, it is all a matter of dose.
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The stability of the internal medium is a primary condition for the freedom and independence of certain living bodies in relation to the environment surrounding them.
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We must never make experiments to confirm our ideas, but simply to control them.
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It is what we know already that often prevents us from learning.
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Experiment is fundamentally only induced observation.
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We must keep our freedom of mind, and must believe that in nature what is absurd, according to our theories, is not always impossible.
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The goal of scientific physicians in their own science … is to reduce the indeterminate. Statistics therefore apply only to cases in which the cause of the facts observed is still indeterminate.
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The minds that rise and become really great are never self-satisfied, but still continue to strive.
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Science admits no exceptions; otherwise there would be no determinism in science, or rather, there would be no science.
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Those who do not know the torment of the unknown cannot have the joy of discovery.
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The experimenter who does not know what he is looking for will not understand what he finds.
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A great discovery is a fact whose appearance in science gives rise to shining ideas, whose light dispels many obscurities and shows us new paths.
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But while I accept specialization in the practice, I reject it utterly in the theory of science.
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Science increases our power in proportion as it lowers our pride.
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Priestley said that each discovery we make shows us many others that should be made.
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Art is ‘I’; science is ‘we’.
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Obervation is a passive science, experimentation is an active science.
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Effects vary with the conditions which bring them to pass, but laws do not vary. Physiological and pathological states are ruled by the same forces; they differ only because of the special conditions under which the vital laws manifest themselves.
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With the aid of these active experimental sciences man becomes an inventor of phenomena, a real foreman of creation; and under this head we cannot set limits to the power that he may gain over nature through future progress of the experimental sciences.
CLAUDE BERNARD